The Tattoo Process and Significance Of Tattoos Essay

Significance of Tattoos In the past, tattoos were commonly thought of as trashy or bad. One would often relate them to bikers, rock and heavy metal stars, pirates, or gangsters. That has considerably changed over the years. According to Swan, In 2003 approximately 40 million Americans reported to have at least one tattoo. Todays culture is still fascinated with tattooing. In the 1990s, tattoos were the sixth fastest growing retail behind the Internet, paging services, computer and cell phone services. 28% of adult’s ages 30-39 were tattooed and that number rose to 36 percent in the 25-29 age group. 31% of the gay, lesbian and bisexual population, regardless of age, was inked as well. Tattoos are significant because they†¦show more content†¦The first coil machine was invented by Thomas Riley in London, 1891 using a single coil. The first twin coil machine, the predecessor of the modern configuration, was invented by Alfred Charles, in 1899.The birthplace of the American style tattoo was Chat ham Square in New York City. Tattooing had little respect in American culture. Design boom. (2007). A Brief History of Tattoos. Retrieved January 14, 2008, from http://www.designboom.com/history/tattoo_history.html In the late 1960s, the attitude towards tattooing changed. Much credit can be given to Lyle Tuttle. He is charming and interesting and knows how to use the media. He tattooed celebrities, mostly women. Magazines and television went to Lyle to get information about this ancient art form. Lyle Tuttle (born 1931) is a well-known American tattoo artist and historian of the medium, who has been tattooing since 1949. He was featured on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine, after having tattooed Janis Joplin and several other notable musicians and celebrities of the time. Lyle Tuttle. (2007, June 23). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 14, 2008, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lyle_Tuttleoldid=140156691 When deciding what type of tattoo to get, a person may want to go into the shop and look around first to make sure that it is clean and safe. Make sure that they use sterilized equipment. Then one can look at his or her â€Å"flash† tattoos. These areShow MoreRelatedVce Language Analysis Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesTattoos have recently become increasingly popular in youth, due to the hidden meanings and symbolism that they are endowed with. Helen Day’s opinionative blog entry, The Power of Ink, asserts that the significance of tattoos have diminished due to the fashionable aesthetics that tattoos project. A highly casual, yet acknowledging tone characterises her blog entry, which is predominantly catered to young Australian readers who are interested in receiving a tattoo. Accompanying her blog entry is aRead MoreExpository Essay - Ancient Egyptians1575 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Egyptian Tattoos Brooke Campbell COM/150 June 27, 2010 Bill Wilke Egyptians are highly known for their glorious pyramids, powerful pharaohs, and endless amounts of gold and jewels. When we think of Egyptians we also think of tombs, curses, and cats being a source of protection. However, it is not known to many that they have not only defined the art, but also the meaning behind tattooing. Tattoos are the one thing still captured on the bodies of mummies, in which were discovered fromRead MoreTo Tattoo or Not To Tattoo Essay566 Words   |  3 Pagessomething I am sure you will all agree is of crucial significance for all of us. Does it not sound quite splendid to have a tattoo on some part of our bodies to display for the admiration of all who see it ? Obviously tattoos are a fashion of our generation which none of us hesitates to drill their bodies for. Not only can a tattoo decorate our flesh,but it can give us a little splash of the celebrity life- for do not all celebrities have tattoos from head to foot? Gone are the days when criminalsRead MoreTattooed: The Sociogenesis of Body Art by Michael Atkinson965 Words   |  4 Pagesover time (Atkinson, 2003: 13). Atkinson outlines his response with the work of Norbert Elias , who is best known for the â€Å"civilizing process† and a hypothesis figurational social science. He gathered information from 27 tattoo artists and 65 tattoo enthusiasts from Toronto and Calgary in a method he called ethnosociology for participant perceptions on tattoos. A figuration is characterized as an accumulation of social performers bound together by chains or networks of interdependency and is aRead MoreTattoos and Society Essay1436 Words   |  6 Pagespresent themselves to the world. Tattoos have been predominantly linked with a rebellious attitude and pictured on out of control stereotypes such as rock starts, bikers, sailors, and disobedient teenagers who want nothing more than to hack off their parents. With a new coming of age generation and a step into a more lenient and liberal society these types of patrons still participate in body art but so do doctors, lawyers, or just the run of the mill h ouse mom. Tattoos signify religious beliefs, culturalRead MoreA Contrast In Ink: A Comparison of Different Tattoo Selection Methods1221 Words   |  5 PagesThe decision to get a tattoo is personal and different for everyone. Tattoos are generally permanent additions to the body. Rushing into a design typically ends in regret. Taking a considerable amount of time to find the perfect design and the positioning on ones’ body may not be a bad idea. Unfortunately, there are far more tattoos that are spur-of-the-moment rather than thoroughly considered, meaningful, or commemorative tattoos. In Beth Janes’s article, â€Å"Why I Rue My Tattoo,† and Stephanie Dolgoff’sRead MoreMy Lifetime Intrigue With Tattoos Essay2074 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction My lifetime intrigue with tattoos has led me to research the history and culture surrounding tattooing. I have already collected several pieces, both small and large, on my body and am endlessly curious about the culture of body modification. The objective of my research is to discover the ancient history of body art, the social and cultural significances and stigmas of tattoos, as well as to discover the process of getting a custom tattoo. After defining my objectives and doingRead MoreBody Art and Ornamentation Essays1569 Words   |  7 Pagesculture in which people do not, or did not paint, pierce, tattoo, reshape, or simply adorn their bodies (Schildkrout, 2001). Throughout history, body art and ornamentation has become a worldwide phenomenon and has played a key role in our lives, yet there is a social stigma which we cannot seem to rid ourselves of. It is most commonly misunderstood and misinterpreted which can be attributed to the fact that the symbolism and significance of the body art and/or ornamentation doesn’t always translateRead MoreCultural Tattoos Essay1539 Words   |  7 PagesTattoos and Their Cultural Relevance For as long as there have been people, there have been methods of distinction amongst them. Throughout the years we have discovered ways in which to express our beliefs, our ideals, and our passions. Tattooing has been one of forefront methods in expressing our humanity, or in certain cases, our lack there of. For so many, they have taken on many different representations, each with an equal level of significance. The importance found in the symbolism of tattoosRead MoreEssay about The Cultural Art of Body Art1084 Words   |  5 Pagesdefining individual identity and cultural difference, is not only a highly elaborated preoccupation in many cultures; it is also the subject of wide-ranging and evolving scholarly discourse in the humanities and social sciences† (Schildkrout, 2004). The process of ornamentation and body art is usually a painful experience, but it is a way to signify a person’s self-discovery and their place in society. In this paper, I will explore the d ifferent aspects of body art and ornamentation in two different cultures;

Personal Narrative Basketball - 881 Words

Have you ever been forced to do something that you really don’t want to do? It could seem like agony at first, but in the end it will usually always turn out OK. Well, at least it did for me. It all started on a chilly, winter morning in third grade when my mother’s heartfelt words and tears, changed who I am today for the better. â€Å"Mom, please stop asking me! I don’t want to play that dumb sport!† I blared at her frustratingly while I was trying to get ready for school. As soon as those words came out of my mouth, I immediately regretted them. Slowly, I walked down the stairs and watched wistfully as tears started to fill my mother s eyes, and then one by one, slowly drip down her face. I knew that this topic was important to her, but†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Oh yeah, of course,† I muttered. â€Å"Sorry, I was just thinking.† â€Å"Thinking about what?† she inquired. â€Å"Nothing really, just life.† I lied casually. â€Å"You sure? You know you can talk to me about anything,† Kris addressed. â€Å"Of course I know that.† I said winking at her. We were walking out of school together, when I suddenly stopped, and just looked around. It was as if I wasn’t in control of my body. I turned around, and robotically walked back into the school. â€Å"Kylie! What are you doing?† Kris screamed at me, but I could barely hear her. â€Å"Hey! We are going to miss our bus!† she sounded like she was miles away. I still continued on, walking through the door, then walking down the hallway toward the gym. I opened up the gym door, and I saw Mr. Haggins, our gym teacher, turn and look at me. I started to sputter random words out. â€Å"I†¦.I..basketball†¦..tryouts†¦.dribble†¦.mom†¦..shoot†¦.yells†¦..mad†¦..try it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I sputtered on like this for about a minute before he interrupted me. â€Å"So, what I’m able to make out from all of that, is that your mom is mad at you because you don’t want to try basketball, now you feel bad and want to try out for the team?† he said with a smirk. â€Å"How did you know that?† I was blown away that he got the exact story when all I said were words that didn’t make any sense. Well, at least they didn’t to me, but he was obviously able to make sense out of them. â€Å"Trust me,† he started off, â€Å"I know a lot more than you thinkShow MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative : Friends And Basketball1745 Words   |  7 PagesFriends Basketball Coming into a new town is nothing new to me. If you move around as much as I do, then you never really get to know anyone on a deeper level than knowing of them. I move on average of 4-5 times a year. My dad’s company that he works for keeps moving him around, so I never really expect us to stay in a house very long. I never put my clothes in my drawers, even though I have them. I keep them in my luggage bags, because you never know when you will move again. I’ve ever reallyRead MorePersonal Narrative : Bigger Than Basketball925 Words   |  4 PagesJace Link Mrs. Weber English 6A 1 May 2017 Bigger Than Basketball For a majority of people in the world, if they were to wake up with 350 million dollars, and would be able to be fully retired by 38 years old, then they would be very content and happy with their lives. Being able to wake up every day in a big mansion, lying with your family by the poolside, not worrying about financial issues for yourself or loved ones, and lastly having the great opportunity for you and your whole family, to notRead MoreEssay about Personal Narrative- Girls Basketball Game Preparation942 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Narrative- Girls Basketball Game Preparation Basketball seems to get into your blood. It is said by those who play, You eat, you sleep and you play basketball. When I was a little girl all I wanted to be was a professional basketball player. I couldnt count how many times I pounded that dumb ball in our driveway until it was too dark to see, then I would play for hours more by the porch light. Now I realize that was only childish insanity. Back then they didn’t even have a girls’ professionRead MoreNarrative Of The Disappearing, Native American, By Thomas King, The Truth About Stories1532 Words   |  7 Pagesown stories and how their lives have been impacted by them. This class will focus around excerpts from the book by Thomas King, The Truth About Stories, and circulate around two main themes. These themes are the immense power of stories, and the narrative of the â€Å"disappearing† Native American. The Truth About Stories is a very powerful story that highlights the intrinsic power that a simple, or not so simple, story can have over a person’s life. This being said, I believe by having students of theRead MoreEssay about The Hardship of My Life- Personal Narrative514 Words   |  3 PagesThe Hardship of My Life- Personal Narrative As I was on the PJC bus to an out of town game, I had some free time to think. Lately, I have had in the back of my mind several troubling areas, so I know that this moment was the time to take care of these situations. If I could overcome certain problems, I would be more successful in the future. First, I have to get over the sudden death of my father. The day I found out my father was killed in an accident while he was on his job, I felt as ifRead MoreThe Most Wonderful Books : Writers On Discovering The Pleasures Of Reading1153 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Superman and Me† by Sherman Alexie first appeared in â€Å"The Most Wonderful Books: Writers on Discovering the pleasures of Reading.† Sherman Alexie is a well-known Native American writer that publishes short stories, novels, and poetry. Out of the three narratives, I found myself connect with this story more than the others. Alexie tells us about his childhood as an Indian boy that grew up on the Reservation. His father was a big reader so as a kid he’s always had an interest in books and eventually it becameRead MoreGod s Holiness And Illustration Of Holy Justice1377 Words   |  6 Pages Towards a Definition of God’s Holiness Illustration of Holy Justice Erika Dickerson PM101B: Spiritual Life September 5, 2014 Throughout biblical narratives, God reveals a host of â€Å"attributes,† which I call perfections, about His divine nature, character, and function. At the center of God’s distinct, wholly unified qualities is holiness: the fundamental tenant underscored in other perfections like justice and grace. The etymological derivation of theRead MoreEssay on Fresh Prince of Bel-Air1267 Words   |  6 Pagesmusic video and theme song grew as well. The intro music video serves as a prologue that sets up the narrative of the show. The music video illustrates how the main character Will Smith, who lives in an economically poor neighborhood, arrives at a high class town known as Bel-Air. The music video plays up to traditional African American stereotypes by showing Will spraying graffiti and playing basketball. This stereotype connects to the viewers and helps to contribute to certain appeals One of the appealsRead MoreA Research For The Phase II Worksheet1626 Words   |  7 Pagespeople in the out-group it helped significantly decrease prejudice and increase ally behaviors. Empathetic joy allows in-group members to imagine positive feelings and responses that are connected to out-group members’ personal experiences, including positive, first-person narratives (Gonzalez, Riggle, Rostosky, 2015). Our research on empathetic joy then led us to the concept of Positive Affect Appeals, which we decided would be a more appropriate technique to utilize in our intervention poster.Read Moreseparate pasts1678 Words   |  7 Pageshometown, Wade, North Carolina. It is a detailed story of his boyhood in the rural South, which was a time when racism was a daily norm. McLaurin argues that racism existed unchallenged in the rural South. I found that this argument is valid due to the personal experiences that he had to face while growing up in the rural South, which he describes in great detail. McLaurin grew up with the knowledge that whites were treated very differently than blacks and not thinking anything of it. Although blacks

Operations Management for Subway Inc - Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Operations Management for Subway Inc. Answer: Introduction: Operation management is one of the essential aspects for an organisation. Effective operation management ensures that the production, inventory and distribution of the products are streamlined. There are number of concepts in operation management and in the recent past lean management is one of the most common concepts used in operation management. All the successful multinational companies have given paramount importance on operation management. Subway Inc. is one of the leading food and beverage chains operating almost all across the world. Subway as a business has redefined the concept of lean management (Davis et al., 2013). The present assignment will discuss the different aspects of lean management of Subway, its Six Sigma and lean principles, the inventory management of Subway and distribution procedure of Subway. Subway takes its operation management very seriously, and the company has epitomized the use of different key theories like Six Sigma which has redefined the concept of lean management in the market. The company uses lean six sigma principle effectively in order to develop its operations successfully. The lean Six Sigma is normally defined as the methodology which is contingent to a collaborative team performance that helps to develop the performance of an organisation by improving the waste in a systematic way. The company Subway uses the Six Sigma pretty effectively in its operations by implementing the key points of six sigma principle into the operation. The company puts its customers ahead of anything prioritises the needs and wants of the consumers. For instance for the starters the company focuses on making customized sandwiches as their taste and preference. The law of flexibility is effectively utilised by the company. It is extremely important for the company to be flexible for different situations. The company has dedicated the law of focus effectively as the company focuses on fixing up problems but not including the entire company but including few executives and employees (Walker Walker 2012). The company is very particular about the kind of investment of inputs it does in a particular program and also focuses on seeing proportional result from the input invested. Lean is an extremely essential aspect in Subways operation. The seven aspects of lean are overproduction, inventory, waiting, motion, transportation, over processing and defects. Subway has done significant changes in its operation so that it could streamline its provision of services. The company always serves first and then takes the payment which means no over production; it reduces time as well since the work is divided among the efficient employee base of the company. The products developed in Subway are mainly customized and hence there is low scope of defects. The company focuses on eliminating wastes and managing inventory effectively which also adds to the improvement of the operation management (Chase, 2012). The Inventory management is one of the key aspects of operations in Subway. The main focus of the operation of the store is to manage inventory effectively and reduce the cycle time in a process. The company manages the series of events taking place in the business effectively which helps to manage inventory successfully. The employees of Subway restaurant do their jobs effectively as they manage the inventory in a systematic manner. The employees start their work of cutting the raw materials are done prior to the opening of the shop, the cheese is sliced and the bread is baked all before the shop opens. There are bins in the operational area in the live kitchen where the raw materials are kept in a synchronized manner. This is a mistake proof system which helps the employees to manage the inventories effectively. For instance the lettuce and Tomatoes are found closest to the sandwich artist in large shaped bins. Some of the inventories are kited so that they are not wasted or used l ess in making sandwiches and this helps the company to provide the services in a standardized manner. The overall inventory system in the Subway has been streamlined which has helped the company to provide effective services (Slack, Chambers Johnston, 2010). The Distribution System Subway is also quintessential for any new food and beverage franchise. The distribution procedure of the organisation is controlled in a synchronized manner. The company follows a single piece flow or 1 by 1 process. The store makes products for one single customer at a time and follows a routine process to deliver it. The operational area is an assembly where different workers are given different role. It is a chain system and a customer has to follow a line one by one right from the paying to delivering and hence eases out the pressure of distribution (Hill Hill, 2012). References Chase, J. (2012).Operations management. Tata McGraw-Hill. Davis, B., Lockwood, A., Pantelidis, I., Alcott, P. (2013).Food and beverage management. Routledge. Hill, A., Hill, T. (2012).Operations management. Palgrave Macmillan. Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., Malhotra, M. K. (2013).Operations management: processes and supply chains. New York: Pearson. Slack, N., Chambers, S., Johnston, R. (2010).Operations management. Pearson education. Walker, J. R., Walker, J. T. (2012).Introduction to hospitality management. Pearson Higher Ed.

Writing Sample Things Shouldnt Be So Hard Essays -

British Literature Writing Sample: ?Things Shouldn?t Be So Hard? 1)The poem has many aspects of a narrative, for example, describes what was once there in a home. It describes this in a sequence of imagery that is linked to a past. The description of how things were when the single character, only described as ?she?, is what starts the poem off, maybe it even implies that the female character is gone, because she is referred with past tense. 2)An image I saw when I read the poem was of an empty house with evidence that someone once lived there, though it is bare and empty. Each of the places described in the poem like, ?where she used to stand before the sink?, I could visually see when reading the poem. Also in the line, ?the switch she used to feel for in the dark almost erased?, the imagery in that line and in the previous one helps me imagine that the narrator wants you to feel the lack of presence of the character, or wants to acknowledge something that?s missing but make the poem all about the importance of the character at the same time. 3)In the poem, you see themes of loss and mortality in the lines, ?Her things should keep her marks. The passage of a life should show; it should abrade. And when life stops, a certain space ?however small- should be left scarred by the grand and damaging parade. ? The first part of the passage ?Her things should keep her marks. The passage of a life should show; it should abrade.?, may mean that her existence should be remembered or sketched and marked as a memory that should go on, once the life has ended. 4)There is definitely a theme of loss and mortality in the poem. There is also a theme of acknowledging a life, or remembering a life, once it has passed on, paying homage to what significance the character?s life has now left behind. 5)I think this title was chosen because the only thing in life that is most difficult is the loss of life. Dealing with it is hard, and sometimes one may feel as if it shouldn?t be that hard to deal with because in some faiths the spirit goes on and the person shouldn?t be remembered in vain. I think the title has to do with letting go of the person, experiencing the death shouldn?t be so hard, but in reality, it does get too hard for some.

Human Factor Essays

Human Factor Essays Human Factor Essay Human Factor Essay 1: With reference to the dirty dozen, describe the different types of human limitations that can affect human performance (P3) Stress is one of the limitations which can reduce human performance because when an engineer do a long shift he will get very stress and at that time the engineer tent to make mistakes for example forgetting to put a nut back. And Memory limitations is one of the human limitation which can cause engineer to forget thing for example living a tool on the aircraft wing this mistake frequently happens because these information will be saved in short term memory which can only last for few seconds. Poor communication can reduce human performance as well because when a team of engineers work to gather and they dont communicate each other properly the outcome of the work would be very bad or even dangerous because they may think the other person did this job so I dont need to do it and ignoring it. And if they cant communicate properly they may not understand the work properly and they may do something differently to the set task. Lack of resources is one of the things which can limit human performance because human cant do some work without the right tool and most of the time humans truest there tool to do the job for example putting a right force on a screw and if they dont have the right resources they cant perform normally. Humans tend to become bored and be lulled into complacency this can reduce human performance because this can reduce the awareness of emergency situation and may even cause them to make more mistakes in an emergency. Pressure can also reduce the human performance because when a person is under pressure he tent do a very bad job and he will do the job faster and inaccurately to get rid of the pressure. Lack of teamwork can affect the human performance because when a team of engineer working together to fix a problem they need to discuss and perform some checklist at same time or by continuing from the point where the other person finished the job but if they dont communicate or get to know each other or they dont do as a team work they will not get the job done properly or on time. 2. Explain how human behaviour can affect human performance (P4) If a person is under stress or pressure or if he is tired or angry he tent to produce a poor quality work because he cant be focused on the work and he tent to forget things very easily when the person is under stress or tired, and if the person is tired or not felling normal his attention will not be focused on the work and it will be on something else which will slow the working performance as well as poor out come. 3. Using examples describe the differences between error and violation. (P5) Error is a mistake we make and we dont know we are doing that which goes through intensely but violation is a mistake we do and we know we are doing a mistake and its something we do it deliberately. 4. Describe some the methods that can be used to prevent errors, explain the importance of error prevention, capturing and reporting. To include duplicate inspections, calibration of tools and one reporting method. (P6) Some of the methods that can be used to prevent errors are by giving the employees a good training and by limiting the amount of time a person can work for example 48 hours which is already controlled by EU working directive but still a person can work overtime so by restricting this time limit error can be prevented. Also by doing the duplicate inspecting we prevent error occurring which I mean by asking another engineer to check your finished work he can spot any part which you missed out. And also by calibrating the tools on time or two three days before the expiring date you can reduce the risk of over tighten the nut or damaging the aircraft. Its very important to prevent error happening again and again because minor error can cause major distraction for example it can cause delays which can cost the company 1000 of pounds or it can cause disaster by I mean it can bring down the aircraft when its flying and can cause lots of deaths and casualties and it can also destroy the aircraft completely which can cost the company billions of pounds. If you spot a problem or damage to an aircraft you should fill up a MOR (Mandatory Occurrence Reporting) and you need to send it off to CAA and if its something dangerous you should tell the company and try to convince them not to fly the aircraft. By reporting this to CAA you will reduce the problem occurring again and also you can keep the record for statistics purpose and safety purpose so in future it can be used to improve the air safety.

3 Variations of Misplaced Modifiers

3 Variations of Misplaced Modifiers 3 Variations of Misplaced Modifiers 3 Variations of Misplaced Modifiers By Mark Nichol When information is added to the main clause of a sentence to provide more detail, whether it is inserted directly or parenthetically, careful placement enhances comprehension. In each of the following sentences, modifying phrases are clumsily included. Discussion after each example explains the problem, and a revision demonstrates a solution. 1. Smith played Bozo the Clown from 1959 to 1970, a clown character particularly popular in the U.S. in the 1960s because of widespread franchising in television. This sentence’s subordinate clause, which describes Bozo the Clown, follows not that epithet but rather a range of years, but the proper syntactical location for such a modifying phrase is immediately after its referent: â€Å"From 1959 to 1970, Smith played Bozo the Clown, a clown character particularly popular in the U.S. in the 1960s because of widespread franchising in television.† 2. Jones admitted he was nervous after his botched skating routine. Here, the suggestion is that only after Smith finished the skating routine did he become nervous, but the intent of the sentence is to express that Smith’s state of nervousness before the routine contributed to his poor performance. The admission, not the nervousness, is what followed the routine, and the word order should clearly represent this fact: â€Å"Smith admitted after his botched skating routine that he had been nervous.† 3. Researchers found that face-to-face interactions contributed to a sense of well-being rather than contacts via computer. Here, the syntax represents a sense of well-being and contacts via computer as possible outcomes of face-to-face interactions, but it is face-to-face interactions and contacts via computer that contribute to a sense of well-being. To clarify the relationships between the three phrases, the two forms of communication must be mentioned consecutively in counterpoint, with the outcome clearly distinguished at the end of the sentence: â€Å"Researchers found that face-to-face interactions, rather than contacts via computer, contributed to a sense of well-being.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Fly, Flew, (has) FlownFlied?36 Poetry Terms50 Synonyms for â€Å"Villain†

Globalization and Regionalization As The Counteracting Forces Essay

Globalization and Regionalization As The Counteracting Forces - Essay Example Globalization is characterized by economies opening up their local markets for international firms, which then creates a global market ideally open to all countries and firms. On the other hand, through regionalization countries seek to form economic blocks primarily to create preferential treatment for their firms as regards access to each other’s market as well as resources. In essence, globalization and regionalization are forces that act in opposite directions. This paper will demonstrate that the origins and purposes of regionalization are too varied and distinct to be classified as parallel to the process of globalization. Globalization and regionalization: forces in conflict In the contemporary world, various world economies have been pursuing a number of market approaches in an effort to promote their economic growth (for less developed countries) or economic stability (for industrialized countries). Regionalization, or formation of regional trading blocks, has been am ong the major approaches aggressively pursued by countries across the world. The European Union, North Atlantic Free Trade Area (NAFTA) and Association of East Asia Nations (ASEAN) are classic examples of regional trade blocks. As noted earlier, regionalization process gives more focus on certain regions rather than the global economy in general. Regional blocs tend to minimize interactions between different parts of the world, particularly in terms of trade. They in effect tend to threaten the process of globalization. Countries within a regional trade block apply a number of mechanisms to effect preferential treatment of their fellow members, thus giving them a competitive edge over non-members. One of the most used mechanisms is discriminative tariffs. Others are government subsidies, and import quotas, technical assistance (Mucchielli, Buckley and Cordell, 1998). Regional trade blocs are among the most popular the regional integrations developments that have and continue to char acterize the modern world economy. Many countries have joined one or more regional blocks. In furthering their course, members of a regional trade block may go as far as taking such drastic measures as removing both tariff and non-trade barriers between the member states and thus offer complete and unrestricted access to each other’s market and productive resources (Kacowicz, 1998). Since regional blocks are more inclined towards implementation of policies that protects the state members from global competition, it tends to obstruct global trade liberalization. As a result, trade between members of a regional trade block and non-member states suffers significantly. This evidently discourages the process of globalization. Since globalization process is characterized by the move towards free trade and increased interdependence among different economies despite of regional differences, regionalization effectively becomes a powerful force that tend to move opposite to the directi on of globalization (Mucchielli, Buckley and Cordell, 1998). When punitive tariffs are imposed on imports from non-member states, the imported goods automatically become more expensive compared to similar goods from a trade partner within the regional trade block.

Juvenile Offenders and Re-offending Rates Literature review

Juvenile Offenders and Re-offending Rates - Literature review Example There have been global trends in treatment of juvenile offenders. Until the 1970’s, juvenile offenders were punished for their crimes, but it was recognized that their age was to be considered. The 1980’s then witnessed a rise in punishment approach to juvenile offenders.4 Since 2000, risk factors have been used to determine which communities have a higher probability of producing juvenile offenders.5 These communities are then encouraged through central policymaking to eliminate these factors.6 However, recent approach implies elimination of crime rates and strict punishment of the committed crimes.7 It does not apply rehabilitation or concern with re – offending rates. Such system, inspired by the American system of policing, punishing and shaming juvenile offenders has been applied in the UK ever since the 1990’s.8 Globalization has been blamed for such a development. According to the critics, globalization has promoted neo – liberalism and indiv idual responsibility, which results in blaming the juvenile offender.9 As a result, juvenile incarceration rates are high in the UK relative to other countries. ... Scotland in Europe.12 One reason is lower age of criminal responsibility, which leads to more juveniles being prosecuted and awarded custodial sentence.13 There is a disconnection between the central government and local agents. In the UK, non – custodial sentence is preferred and promoted by the policymakers.14 Social Enquiry Reports (SER), which are written by social workers and stand at disposal to judges and sheriffs, promote the prescribed policy. However, the judges mostly misinterpret the recommendations, or decide to disregard them.15 The government on one hand aims to punish the crimes, but on the other hand prevent them. As a result, such action might also be misinterpreted by some judges. Local communities also affect the implementation of central government’s decisions. In South – West of the UK, one in ten sentences is custodial sentence, whereas in West Midlands one in five community sentences are custodial sentences.16 Such an approach by judges an d communities changes the impact of governmental policies and decisions.17 As a result, England and Wales experienced decreasing rates of juvenile re – offending, even though these decreases are slight. According to the Ministry of Justice report from 2010, Between April 2009 and March 2010, there were approximately 110,000 juvenile offenders. 18 Less than 38,000 of them were re – offenders. Thus, the re – offending rate was 33.3 per cent, and the average number of re – offences for these individuals was 2.79. 19 There was a 0.4 percentage point decrease in re – offending rate of juveniles since 2000, though risk assessment of the juvenile offenders indicates high probability of re – offending.20 In Australia, a mild system, re – offending rates are visibly lower for non – custodial

Taming of the Shrew Character Motivations Essay Example for Free

Taming of the Shrew Character Motivations Essay Many lives are ruled by a need to fit in and conform to the ideals of society. William Shakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew centers around the two sisters, Bianca and Katherine and their marriages. Kate, an unpleasant and undesirable woman, unwillingly marries Petruchio who attempts to tame her. Bianca is the ideal woman who is pursued by many men. The play was written in 1590 and set in Italy, when submission and obedience were expected of women while men took powerful positions. Societal expectations motivate men and women. Women were motivated by societal expectations. A valued woman was obedient, passive and sweet. Bianca epitomizes these qualities and shapes her behavior around them. She exchanges vicious words with her sister in private, but while in the company of suitors she turns mild. Bianca’s father and her suitors determine who she marries, showing her surrender to men’s power and acceptance of obedience. In Kate’s concluding speech, she says, â€Å"A woman moved is like a fountain troubled, muddy, ill-seeming, thick, bereft of beauty, and while it is so, none†¦will deign to sip or touch one drop of it. (5. 2. 151) Kate admits that an unpleasant, angry wife is undesirable and useless. Certainly no man will consider an ugly, rude woman worthy of his company. She finally relents to Petruchio’s taming and takes a woman’s normal place in the social hierarchy. Women conform to society’s strict expectations. The expectation that men are powerful and all-knowing influences men’s behavior. A m an’s masculinity and power was dependent on his control over his wife. Petruchio, Hortensio and Lucentio make a bet, â€Å"And he whose wife is most obedient†¦shall win the wager. † (5. 2. 15) This shows how much men value an obedient wife, which demonstrates their power. Each man hopes that he wins because a powerful man is valued. Baptista, the father of Kate and Bianca, arranges his daughters’ marriages and marries Kate off even though she is unwilling. Society’s standards permit this destructive and inconsiderate behavior. In their patriarchal society, women can’t show much preference in their suitors. Men are expected to make the best decision, and Baptista goes along with this standard. Wife taming was a common idea in this time and many men attempted it. Petruchio tries to tame Kate by starving, embarrassing, overruling and insulting her. Kate comments on the sun, but Petruchio contradicts her and says â€Å"Now, by my mother’s son, and that’s myself, it shall be the moon or star or what I list. †(4. 5. 6) Petruchio says anything he says is correct, enforcing the idea that women should surrender to a man’s authority. Petruchio tames Kate because of the social belief that men should be more powerful than their wives, therefore social expectations motivate him. Society’s standards motivate men’s behavior. Men and women modify their behavior to meet the ideals of society. Katherine transforms herself into a submissive wife and Bianca maintains her behavior as an obedient, charming woman. Petruchio tames Kate to show his masculinity and Baptista controls his daughters lives without regard for their feelings. In conclusion, societal expectations motivate characters in The Taming of the Shrew.

Garden State Essay -- essays research papers

Garden State by 'Pipsorcle' Andrew Largeman's (Zack Braff) journey throughout "Garden State" seems to be a testament on the meaning of liberation. Going from his struggling acting life in Los Angeles to his hometown in New Jersey, where he witnesses his mother's funeral, Andrew is in the mist of confronting difficult issues. One of the biggest issues is coming to terms with his psychologist father (Ian Holm), whom he has distanced himself from for many years because he has put him on powerful antidepressants for most of his life. The reason for this I will not reveal but it has caused Andrew to feel as if his father has controlled his life in a way. In showing how Andrew Largeman finds himself again, "Garden State" makes a good choice in putting him in every one of its scenes. Since this film is really about Largeman, because he is in every scene, we see a progression in his character as time goes on. At the beginning, we sense that Andrew feels rather numb and alienated but then as the film progresses, he becomes more energetic and liberated. This gradual change in his character is highlighted clearly in the cinematography, a key method in showing Andrew's psychological state. For a directorial debut, I must say Zack Braff has given me a completely different impression than from his regular role in the "Scrubs" TV series. One might think that for a directorial debut coming from a TV actor would be uneven and at best, formulaic and uninspired. That's not the case here with "Garden State." Braff shows he knows how to handle directing and storytelling yet at the same time, showing a vision that clearly establishes himself as an auteur. Examples of this are the tense moments when Andrew is around his father. A lesser film would go for theatrics and end up being very talky in dialogue, but instead, Andrew and his father's moments together are more subtle. Whenever we see both of them together, they talk but when they talk, their relationship is forced. There's a sense of silence at times, which shows they feel uncomfortable seeing each other after the lack of good communication for about a decade. Of course, one might think that from the way I'm describing "Garden State" so far, the film is on the more serious side. It's actually more funny than serious but even describing the film as a comedy wouldn't do ju... ... selling his invention of soundless Velcro and now trundles down the corridors of his unfurnished McMansion in a golf cart. Another buddy, Mark (Peter Sarsgaard), sells jewelry he acquires in a highly unusual manner. Braff also writes simple yet refreshing dialogue, with plenty of offbeat humor, yet none of it is strained, nothing is played self-consciously for laughs. Braff himself has a warm, easy-to-watch screen presence. He can say nothing during the lull in a conversation, while the camera remains focused on his face, and it feels right. Portman and Sarsgaard are also genuine, each wonderfully relaxed in their roles. Production design is superb: details in every scene are arranged well, and the photography, by Lawrence Sher, is - like the story and the acting – unpretentious, never distracting, tricky or cute. This film never seems to manipulate us; instead it engages us, arouses our curiosity and amusement, bids us gently to care about Andrew and Sam and even Mark, leaving us entertained in the best sense. This movie is as confident, as secure in itself, as comforting, as a well worn pair of house slippers or your favorite reading chair. A splendid film. Grade: A- (09/04)

Demonstrate the persistence of Wordsworthian ideal of country folk Essay

Demonstrate the persistence of Wordsworthian ideal of country folk, childhood and natural education in the two texts that you have chosen. Critical Essay by Rachel Gowland. Wordsworth, as a poet of the romantic era, had several themes, which contribute to this title. This essay will be looking at these themes and discovering whether they have any relevance in the texts studied. These are, the Secret Garden and Goodnight Mr Tom. The preference for rural life and its people was at the height of fashion at the time of Wordsworth. Social reformers such as Rousseau talked about the â€Å"noble savage† and the rustic idyll was an accepted theme for artistes and poets alike. While the social revolutions may have changed by the time the texts were written, the ideals are still continued to some degree. Wordsworth had many sympathies with the victims and vagrants that wandered in the cities and the countryside. Many of his short poems were portraits of simple rural people, intended to illustrate the nature of these folk and their basic wisdom. Poems such as Michael (1880) have the characters almost fused with their natural surroundings. In Michael, patience and tenderness are the key features of the old man’s character. There is strength and a â€Å"natural affinity to the hills and fields in which he lived and worked.† 1 The Secret garden is almost a glorification of rustic folk and their simple way of life. Mary Lennox first encounters Martha, who gives her glimpses of a simple life quite alien to her. â€Å"There’s twelve of us an’ my father only gets sixteen shilling a week. I can tell you my mothers put to it to get porridge for ’em all. They tumble about on th’ moor an’ play there all day an’ mother says th’ air of th’ moor fattens ’em.† (Page 32) 2 Through Martha, she begins to emerge from her egotistical former self. She starts to think about others rather than herself. â€Å"Thank you. She said it stiffly because she was not used to thanking people or noticing that they did things for her† (Page 71) 2 Martha appears a particularly content and dignified individual, who takes pride in her work and her family. She treats Mary as an equal in many ways and is amazed by Mary’s colonial pride. Martha’s plain good sense is treated with respect throughout the book and her dialogues with Mary often bring about great changes in her young charge’s attitudes. â€Å"It was not the custom that Mistress Mary should do anything but stand and allow herself to be dressed like a doll, but before she was ready for breakfast, she began to suspect that her life at Missthlewaite Manor would end by teaching her a number of things quite new to her.† (Page 32) 2 Martha’s is described as an â€Å"untrained Yorkshire rustic† who was not trained to be subservient and had no notion that she should be. In this way she becomes an emboldened character, who helps Mary to grow through her plain sense. Martha was obviously trained well by her mother who also is a rustic woman. She is almost the guiding hand in the background, helping Mary, and later Colin, to transform. Her wisdom shines through Martha and Dickon and all the principles held in family life. Hers is the good mother, the mother earth in Wordsworth’s poems. The respect for her and her kind shines through in the text as it does in the poems, through the voice of the narrator. She is again a considered equal in the narrator’s eyes to all who she comes into contact with. This makes it possible for her to contact Colin’s father and speak to him about his charges. † I sent for you today because Mrs Sowerby said I ought to see you. † (Page 112) 2 The idea of simple sense and country wisdom is proved right in the text. It is the uneducated, untrained folk in the text who can see through the external ugliness of Mary and Colin’s characters to the beauty that lies beneath. And it is the country folk who unlock these children from their past to an almost redemption. This celebration of rural life and the people can also be seen in Good night Mr Tom. The events that occur in Will’s life in the city are overcome by the calm everyday life of the country and its folk. The main character in Wills life is Tom who exudes this country wisdom and good sense. Will takes to heart Tom’s thoughts when persevering with a new task like learning to ride a bicycle. He could hear his Dad’s words over and over again in his head. † Takes yer time, everythin’ ‘as its own time†. (Page 291) 3 Tom guides Will through his life events, helping him to come to terms with all that life throws at him. This is in marked contrast to the ideas of the psychologist, Mr Stelton, whom they both encounter in the hospital when Will is rescued. Tom’s ideas of healing through fresh air, hard work and simple country life are in conflict with the ideas of analysis and treatment. Even the appearance of Tom as a gruff, solid but warm-hearted individual is different to the description of Mr Stelton. â€Å"Tom was well into his sixties, a healthy robust, stockily built man with a head of thick white hair.† (Page 10) 3 In contrast to â€Å"The man was going bald and the hair that remained was of a thin texture. His skin was as white and shiny as a cloistered nun. He gave Tom a bland smile.† (Page 217) 3 The psychologist’s educated ideas appear foolish in response to Tom’s good sense. As in The Secret Garden the figures of authority and city education are made to look ignorant in response to the wisdom of characters such as Mrs Sowerby and Tom. The characters in the village of Little Weirworld are full of warmth and sincerity, with a genuine sense of community that includes everyone in their midst. Their simple pleasures and way of life helps them maintain a sense of calm dignity and practical sense, even in time of crisis. When Mrs Hartridge received a telegram, it was with care and concern that the villagers arranged for someone to be there when she received it. This contrasts sharply with the lack of interest shown by the people in the district where Will originally came from. â€Å"She keeps herself to herself. Bit of a madam. Thinks she’s a bleedin’ saint if you’ll excooth me languid. She does night shifts so I don’t never see her. I live next door yer see. Mind you, I don’t arf hear some funny noises. Very funny.† (Page 203) 3 Tom is ridiculed by the city folk for his accent and intention, but they appear very flippant and foolish when the full story is uncovered. â€Å"I’d like to git my hands on that women†, the warden growled furiously. His pride had been shaken badly. It was embarrassing to have them think he didn’t know his job.† (Page 207) 3 Again, it is the simple country folk in the text who can see through the external ugliness and weakness to the beauty that lies beneath. And it is the country folk who unlock Will from his past. Wordsworth and his contemporaries, viewed childhood as a time of great innocence and joy. A time when new experiences are welcomed and emotions and senses are at there most responsive There was a time when meadow, grove and stream The earth and every common sight, To me did seem Apparelled in celestial light, The glory and freshness of a dream. (Line 1-5) 4 They viewed the child as a redeemer of the adult with their innocence and freedom of mind and spirit. In the Secret Garden, the children can be seen to hold the key to all wisdom. Martha plays an important part in helping Mary to grow into a whole human being. â€Å"He wouldn’t like me.† Said Mary in her stiff, cold little way. No-one does.† Marta looked reflective again. â€Å"How does tha’ like thyself?† (Page 61) 2 In the same way Mary then passes on her newfound wisdom to Colin and they both look to Dickon to expand their experience. It is Dickon who becomes the real redeemer. He exudes healthy childhood wholesomeness. â€Å"A boy was sitting under a tree, with his back against it. He was a funny looking boy about twelve. He looked very clean and his nose turned up and his cheeks were as red as poppies and never had Mistress Mary seen such round and such blue eyes in any boys face.† (Page 92) 2 He makes Colin believe that he can get well and walk. His positive calm attitude clears the gloom from Colin’s mind and he begins to believe in himself. â€Å"When tha’ stops bein’ afraid tha’lt stand on ’em,† Dickon said with renewed cheer. â€Å"An’ tha’lt stop bein’ afraid in a bit.† (Page 206) 2 Once Mary and Colin finally learn to become children again they can then redeem Colin’s father. He begins to wonder whether he can have a relationship with his son but has many doubts. Colin changes this by becoming a positive character that is not afraid of the future or his health any more. In this way he heals himself and also his father. â€Å"It seemed actually like the laughter of young things, the uncontrollable laughter of children who were trying not to be heard.† (Page 272) 2 And â€Å"He said it all so like a healthy boy-his face flushed, his words tumbling over each other in his eagerness- that Mr Craven’s shook with unbelieving joy.† (Page 274) 2 The child as a redeemer can also be seen as a theme in Good Night Mr Tom. Will looks at Tom through the eyes of a child and as such does not see the gruff exterior that the villagers have seen for the forty years since his wife died. Will brings memories of his wife flooding back but with them comes healing. â€Å"Tom stood behind him and stared over his head into the shop. He remembered how Rachel used to spin with delight in there.† (Page 57) 3 Tom learns how to socialise again through necessity and becomes a member of the village community once more. Mrs Fletcher looked steadily into his eyes. His forehead had lost its old furrowed look. The deep pitted wrinkles had softened outwards. Behind his scowling manner was a kindly old man and if it hadn’t been for the arrival of a rather insipid little boy, she might never have known, nor might anyone else for that matter.† (Page134) 3 He responds emotionally to Will in ways that have been closed off for a long time. â€Å"He called me Dad,† he whispered croakily into the darkness. † He called me Dad.† And although he felt overwhelmed with happiness, the tears ran silently down his face. † (Page 288) 3 In the same way, Will has his own redeemer in the shape of Zach, who teaches him to like himself and believe in his own abilities. As Martha and Dickon, Zach is a positive thinker who believes anything is possible. Will had lived all his life with criticism and blame, and Zach and Tom gave him back his self-esteem. â€Å"Willie almost dropped the clod of earth he was holding. No one had ever said they liked him. He’d always accepted that no one did. Even his mum said she only liked him when he was quiet and still. For her to like him he had to make himself invisible.† (Page 77) 3 In this way both Mary Lennox and Will are similar, in that they have to learn to love themselves before they can be loved in return or learn to respond to others around them. It seems clear that the theme of natural education is persistent in both texts. In the Secret Garden there is a distinct lack of formal education in all the children encountered. Mary had a series of governesses but learnt by her own volition, because she chose too. Her education almost begins again when she reaches Misstlethwaite Manor. Through Martha and Dickon she learns how to explore, imagine and play. She begins to discover the simple pleasures of play. â€Å"The skipping rope was a wonderful thing. She counted and skipped, and skipped and counted, until her cheeks were quite red, and she was more interested than she had ever been since she was born.† (Page 71) 2 At first alone and then with Colin she explores the garden and her curiosity and thirst for knowledge begins. The awakening of the garden itself mirrors her awakening. They learn through this almost holistic approach, that through the garden and nature they become physically, socially and emotionally aware. Again it is Dickon who inspires them with his positiveness and his knowledge. Dickon, has little formal education but has a wealth of knowledge which appears to be much more useful than the facts leant in a classroom. He is a pure Wordsworthian invention. â€Å"Do you understand everything birds say?† said Mary. â€Å"I think I do and they think I do,† he said. â€Å"I’ve lived on th’ moor with ’em so long. I’ve watched ’em break shell an’ come out an’ fledge an’ learn to fly ‘an begin to sing, till I think I’m one of ’em.† (Page 95) 2 His mind is unfettered and unspoilt by a formal education, especially one that almost encourages passive learning i.e., the vessels to be filled approach, over active exploration and discovery. Mary and later Colin learn to become independent and active thinkers. â€Å"Colin saw it all, watching each change as it took place. Every morning he was brought out and every hour of each day when it didn’t rain he spent in the garden. He would lie on the grass â€Å"watching things growing,† he said. â€Å"If you watched long enough you could see the buds unsheathe themselves.† (Page221) 2 This positive attitude to learning and education can also be seen in Goodnight Mr Tom. Will has a formal education, but has to grow in spirit to progress in the mind. Again it’s the positiveness of the people and surroundings that help him to a new confidence. â€Å"We’ll begin this evening,† he said sharply. â€Å"That do?† â€Å"Wot?† â€Å"Learnin’ to read and write. I’ll teach you to write yer own name for a beginnin’.† (Page 102) 3 His times of growth and change correspond to when he is with nature. He makes friends and begins to learn how to interact whilst picking blackberries. He becomes more relaxed and confident whilst on holiday by the sea. Again there is this almost holistic approach as Will improves physically, mentally and emotionally. He is able to express himself through art and then acting as his confidence grows. Finally through nature and physical expenditure he is able to come to terms with the grief and loss in his life. In both texts the children are changed by the country folk around them and the ideals and life that they uphold. These rustic folk become educators and healers through their wisdom and plain good sense. The children bloom through a newfound confidence and most importantly an acceptance of oneself. Once this happens they can then consciously and unconsciously redeem the adults around them. In these ways the Wordsworthian ideals are prevalent throughout the texts. Bibliography ENGLISH ROMANTIC VERSE;PENGUIN BOOKS;1986. FROM BLAKE TO BYRON; BORIS FORD; PENGUIN BOOKS; 1982. THE SECRET GARDEN; FRANCES HODGESON BURNETT; PENGUIN CLASSICS; 1995. GOODNIGHT MR TOM; MICHELLE MAGORIAN; PUFFIN BOOKS; 1981. ROMANTIC CRITICAL ESSAYS; DAVID BROMWICH; CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS; 1987. BEYOND ROMANTICISM; ROUTLEDGE; 1992. LITERATURE, EDUCATION AND ROMANTICISM; ALLAN RICHARDSON; CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS; 1984.

Postmodern Frame Essay †Text in Art Essay

The use of text within to the visual arts can be traced back as far as the inscribed carvings found on cave walls created by the Indigenous population of Australia approximately 46000 years ago. However, over the past few years, the use of text in art, also known as the art of typography, has become a frequent means of communication for artists in the creation of their works. Text within art can be projected, scrawled, painted, computerised and carved to the point that a work may be created of nothing but language. The art of typography is the technique of arranging type in such a way that makes language visible. It treats fonts as individual entities to be enjoyed by the audience. Some artists deal with language as a character on its own as opposed to a surface to draw upon. These artists place texts in ways that are intended to stimulate the way an audience perceives a work, to evoke emotion or to create a statement. However, others, particularly graphic designers, tend to focus on the decorative powers of text. Regardless of the artist’s intentions, the appearance of text within art can shift our appreciation of their sound and meaning. Artists that explore text in art include: Barbara Kruger, Yukinori Yanagi, Katarzyna Kozyra, Jenny Holzer, Wenda Gu, Shirin Neshat, Miriam Stannage, Colin McCahon and Jenny Watson. Artists such as Jenny Holzer, Wenda Gu and Shirin Neshat explore the cultural implications of language in art and the importance of language to identity through the inclusion of text that reflect a postmodern concern with the way we receive information in our contemporary society. Jenny Holzer is an American conceptual artist who belongs to the feminist branch of artists that emerged during the 1980’s. Originally an abstract painter and printmaker, Holzer became heavily interested in conceptual art and began creating works using text. The introduction of text within Holzer’s work occurred gradually however, over time, they have entirely replaced images. These works are usually displayed in widely viewed, public areas. Holzer’s works typically deal with the idea of communication. She is highly aware of the power of words and the power of the media and therefore has a focus on the ability of language to distort or manipulate truths. â€Å"I was drawn to writing because it was possible to be very explicit about things. If you have crucial issues, burning issues, it’s good to say exactly what’s right and wrong about them, and then perhaps to show a way that things could be helped. So, it seemed to make sense to write because then you could just say it†¦ no painting seemed perfect. In particular, I didn’t want to be a narrative painter, which maybe would have been one solution for someone wanting to be explicit.† – Jenny Holzer. Through the use of text in art, Holzer is able to transmit powerful environmental, social and political messages that reveal beliefs and myths and show biases and inconsistencies that highlight her social and personal concerns of today’s contemporary society. Holzer’s works are confronting and provocative and inspire us to make changes. They make us remember that language is not always a factual statement; it can be true or false depending on the context. Holzer forces us to analyse our own behaviour and consider how we have been influenced and manipulated. Her works are designed to make us stop and think about how we are maturing socially. Holzer’s truisms â€Å"MONEY CREATES TASTE – 1982† and â€Å"PROTECT ME FROM WHAT I WANT – 1985† are part of her 1983-85 series – â€Å"Survival†. These are LED installation pieces consisting of large scale text that were projected onto a billboard in Times Square, New York. The inscriptions were bright, clear and menacing and connected themselves to the everyday glow of the city. The phrases were flicked over the busy intersection for two to three seconds creating an element of surprise and capturing the audience’s attention. The main focus of these works was to make a profound statement about the world of advertising and consumer society today. Holzer’s aim was to persuade the audience to pause and reflect on their lives. Her work emphasises the notion that within our society, we are driven by the world of media, thereby producing a mass materialistic, consumerist culture. â€Å"MONEY CREATES TASTE† is almost a plea from Holzer to stand back and assess our needs as a culture rather than what we are fed to believe we want by the media. The use of this concise statement â€Å"PROTECT ME FROM WHAT I WANT† has shown us that we are in the process of losing our identity and sense of culture and can be manipulated by the underlying motives of the media. Shirin Neshat is an Iranian born artist who, upon turning seventeen, moved to California to study art. In 1990 when Neshat flew back to Iran to visit her family, she was confronted by the changes in culture and the narrow restraints of everyday life in the Islamic Republic. She was faced by a very strict, pure form of Islam introduced by the Iranian government in order to erase Persian history. Since having lived in the two cultural contexts of Iraq and the USA, Neshat is able to examine the cultural concerns of individual beings in a metaphorical and poetic way. She attempts to address problems of identity, race and gender in a shocking manner and intends to undermine social stereotypes and assumptions. Her works explore the differences between Islam and the West, males and females, limitations in life and freedom, old and new and the public and the private domains. Neshat aimed to provoke questions amongst her audience as she explored Islam through her art making and comments on issues related to feminism and multiculturalism. However, her works were not only confrontational and symbolic; Neshat also paid particular attention to aesthetics. In her 1994 print and ink, â€Å"Rebellious Silence†, Neshat depicts an Islamic, Muslim woman, covered in a veil holding a gun. Her calm face is divided by the starkness of the cold, steel weapon and is laced with Islamic calligraphy symbolic of the Niqab, a more extreme veil that an Islamic woman must wear as it signifies her obedience to the male supremacy in Islamic culture. Her clothing and weapon make us question whether this woman has rejected her submissive female role to embrace violence. She is looking directly at the camera and looks determined to fight. Questions of motives arise amongst the audience. Neshat’s 1996 work â€Å"Speechless† is a black and white photograph in which Neshat has chosen to make herself the subject. This image is a close up of Neshat’s face. She looks determined and powerful however, like her creation â€Å"Rebellious Silence† – her face is covered with an overlay of Islamic text. The Arabic inscriptions that create the veil act as a barrier. It symbolises the support of the Islamic revolution. The visual struggle between Neshat and the veil is representational of the fight for freedom and the support of religion. By putting the text on her face, the body part where people can identify emotions the most, it serves as a reminder of the power that religion has over women and the oppression it has towards free expression. The gun in the picture is another juxtaposition. The woman seems to be embracing the gun as a part of her, giving off a threatening feeling, but at the same time, it does not feel dangerous because of her conflicted emotions: freedom versus oppression. The inscriptions tell of a man who died in the Iran/Iraq conflict of the 1980’s. This is also insulting to the women who also experienced this conflict. Her art does not disapprove nor approve of Islam, but instead encourages the audience to reflect upon their own ideas, assumptions and expectations. He works carry both personal and emotional connotations. Wenda Gu was born in China and studied traditional, classical landscape painting. He was employed to teach ink painting and although he no longer practices in China, text remains central to his work. This initial technical training has provided the incentive for his most confronting pieces in which the powerful use of language challenges social and political traditions. â€Å"These are questioning and symbolic works that violate the orthodox doctrine of artistic value. They represent a direct threat to authority.† Michael Sullivan. Gu ambitiously attempts to address, in artic terms, the issue of globalism that dominates discussions of contemporary economics, society and culture. He aims to appeal not only to the present population, but also to future generations in his quest to extend the boundaries of human perception, feeling and thought and express humanity’s deepest wishes and powerful dreams. Gu strives to unify mankind and create a utopian feel within his works. Gu worked to simplify the Chinese language and to encourage people to embrace new attitudes towards their old language. He combines a long standing fascination with classical Chinese calligraphy with a contemporary take on universal concerns that cross cultural and ethnic boundaries. Gu’s work today focusses extensively on ideas of culture and his identity and has developed an interest in bodily materials and understanding humanity across ethnic and national boundaries. Gu’s 1994-96 work â€Å"Pseudo Characters Contemplation of the world† is a series of ink paintings in which he uses traditional calligraphic styles and techniques but subverts them with reversed, upside down or incorrect letters. The pseudo character series consists of three ink on paper scrolls in which he has combined calligraphy and landscape, disrupting the conventions of both, powerfully distorting artistic tradition of China. Gu has attacked the written word by glorifying the spirit of the absurd. Gu’s most significant artworks have been a series entitled â€Å"United Nations Project†. This is a series of 15 works that were conceptually planned to relate to the locations social, political, historical and cultural situation. This series confronts two taboos. That of language and the human body. The main material for these installations are human hair collected from hairdressers from all over the world and the hair itself serves as a connection to all people. They typically consisted of screens tied together with twine, forming a canopy of internationally collected hair that was fashioned into nonsensical scripts combining the Chinese alphabet and others. His works are distinguished by the two themes which intersect. The first relates to language and the way in which cultural conventions are signified ad the second, is the use of human hair which is a symbol for significant human endeavours. The human hair is a blueprint containing DNA information, which is common to all humans yet seen fundamentally as individual. Jenny Holzer, Shirin Neshat and Wenda Gu all explore the cultural implications of language within art. They share a prime focus on the links between culture and identity. They have used language and text to convey their powerful messages and have drawn upon their own personal experiences. Concerned with the human condition, both they and their artworks have had a significant impact on society and the way in which we interpret information. Madison ******** Year 12 Visual Arts Art History and Art Criticism. Essay on Text The inclusion of text in artworks reflects a post-modern concern with the way we receive information in our contemporary society and the importance of language to identity. Explore the cultural implications of language in the work of Jenny Holzer, Wenda Gu and one other contemporary artist. Analyse specific artworks to support your argument.

charles robert darwin essays

charles robert darwin essays Darwin, Charles Robert (1809-1882), cientà ­fico britnico que sent las bases de la moderna teorà ­a evolutiva, al plantear el concepto de que todas las formas de vida se han desarrollado a travs de un lento proceso de seleccin natural. Su trabajo tuvo una influencia decisiva sobre las diferentes disciplinas cientà ­ficas, y sobre el pensamiento moderno en general. Nacido en Shrewsbury, Shropshire, el 12 de febrero de 1809, Darwin fue el quinto hijo de una acomodada y sofisticada familia inglesa. Su abuelo materno fue el prspero empresario de porcelanas Josiah Wedgwood; su abuelo paterno fue el famoso mdico del siglo XVIII Erasmus Darwin. Tras terminar sus estudios en la Shrewsbury School en 1825, Darwin estudi medicina en la Universidad de Edimburgo. En 1827 abandon la carrera e ingres en la Universidad de Cambridge con el fin de convertirse en ministro de la Iglesia de Inglaterra. Allà ­ conoci a dos influyentes personalidades: el gelogo Adam Sedgwick y el naturalista John Stevens Henslow. Este à ºltimo no slo ayud a Darwin a ganar confianza en sà ­ mismo, sino que tambin inculc a su alumno la necesidad de ser meticuloso y esmerado en la observacin de los fenmenos naturales y la recoleccin de especà ­menes. Tras graduarse en Cambridge en 1831, el joven Darwin se enrol a los 22 an de Henslow, para emprender una expedicin cientà ­fica alr ededor del mundo. Su trabajo como naturalista a bordo del Beagle le di la oportunidad de observar variadas formaciones geolgicas en distintos continentes e islas a lo largo del viaje, asà ­ como una amplia variedad de fsiles y organismos vivos. En sus observaciones geolgicas, Darwin se mostr&oacut...

Heavy Metal Definition and List

Heavy Metal Definition and List A heavy metal is a dense metal that is (usually) toxic at low concentrations. Although the phrase heavy metal is common, there is no standard definition assigning metals as heavy metals.   Characteristics of Heavy Metals Some lighter metals and metalloids are toxic and, thus, are termed heavy metals though some heavy metals, such as gold, typically are not toxic. ​ Most heavy metals have a high atomic number, atomic weight and a specific gravity greater than 5.0 Heavy metals include some metalloids, transition metals, basic metals, lanthanides,  and actinides. Although some metals meet certain criteria and not others, most would agree the elements mercury, bismuth, and lead are toxic metals with sufficiently high density. Examples of heavy metals include lead, mercury, cadmium, sometimes chromium. Less commonly, metals including iron, copper, zinc, aluminum, beryllium, cobalt, manganese and arsenic may be considered heavy metals. List of Heavy Metals If you go by the definition of a heavy metal as a metallic element with a density greater than 5, then the list of heavy metals is: TitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinTelluriumLutetiumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercuryThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineLanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumNobeliumRadiumLawrenciumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumElements 113-118 Keep in mind, this list includes both natural and synthetic elements, as well as elements that are heavy, but necessary for animal and plant nutrition.

Observation Techniques - Mystery Shopping Essay

Observation Techniques - Mystery Shopping - Essay Example However, many of the people sold PPI found they were not eligible to claim, others did not understand that purchase of the policy was voluntary, and some did not even realize they had bought the cover (Insley, â€Å"Barclays to settle PPI claims no questions asked â€Å").The number of complaints over the controversial loan insurance has risen by 93% in the first half of the year - and is expected to continue to increase. There has been a level of overcompensation on Simmons Bank’ behalf in respect of communication as a result of this dispute. Simmons Bank has greatly increased its volume of communications to customers via direct mail, phone and emails trying to rebuild customer confidence in the bank and also to win back affected customer’s support. This high volume of communication annoyed customers even further and consequently, resulted in even more complaints being made about the bank. The purpose of the research is to rationalize the best way of communicating an d determine when and how customers prefer to be contacted. Mystery shopping is a technique that is used to evaluate any type of customer interaction and to test anything from product knowledge to customer service/politeness, handling of complaints and the follow-up procedure, refund and exchange procedures and sales skills. The ultimate aim of mystery shopping is to improve customer satisfaction thus increasing sales and customer revenue. This method of research allows an organization to view their product or service from the perspective of the customer or client and accurately identify individual staff’s strengths and weaknesses, as well as organizational strengths and weaknesses. Simmons Bank could benefit from using any one of these methods of mystery shopping and they would all provide useful insight into how Simmons Bank and its employees conduct business. Some questions that physical

Research Paper about Divorce Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

About Divorce - Research Paper Example There are various factors that can be attributed to the growing number of divorces including social, financial, religious and psychological elements. According to a survey report, 43 to 46 percent of all marriages that have taken place in the US in the year 2000 will eventually end in divorce (Smith et al., 1453). This paper explores the reasons behind divorce and its impact on children. Getting a divorce is not a simple task and cannot be obtained on the day the concerned couple decides to separate. It is a prolonged process that needs to go through various legal formalities. The initial phase of decision making can take several months or years, and even after final decision is taken the end process may not be a fast one. In many cases, couples attempt to reconcile failing which they again separate. Throughout the entire process, the partners make important decisions regarding rebuilding separate lives. Often a couple takes the decision to separate after weighing the advantages and disadvantages of staying together. A marriage becomes difficult to sustain when personalities clash and no one is eager to compromise. The aggrieved partner often finds multiple issues to deal with before making the final decision to divorce like â€Å"religious constrictions, obligations to children, the financial costs and consequences of divorce, and social pressure to stay marriedâ €  (Clarke-Stewart & Brenatno, 52). Divorce is always perceived as a curse on modern society. One major cause has been identified as early marriage. In general, people who marry early have high probability of divorce than those who marry after completing their education and stabilizing their career. Records have shown that the probability of divorce is twice for women who get married in their teens than women who get married after the age of 22. Most of the times, young people are emotionally and socially inexperienced for entering into a

The marriage cure, inadequate solution of poverty Essay

The marriage cure, inadequate solution of poverty - Essay Example From ancient times a marriage supposed to be the effective tool to eliminate poverty. But is it an adequate solution today Literary critics express different views as for the Boo's article message. Some of them suppose that the research suggesting that governments and individuals tend to benefit from an increase in marriage rates is at this point very persuasive, and don't see much point in being coy about it. Marriage is probably the most cost-efficient antipoverty instrument a society possesses (Stewart, 2004). The author gives special detailed attention to the difficulty which can follow single women in marriage rush. The article describes the problems of two single women and the imperfection of the institution marriage at the beginning of the 21st century. In the article Boo describes the realities of a marriage promotion program and their outcomes for low-income woman. She wrote: "Still, the days now contained enough hours for a reasonable woman to fret about her future" (Boo, 2003). In one of her interview Boo argues that: "And if, inspired by that indoctrination, Kim, whose income was less than ten thousand dollars, manages to meet and marry a man who makes ten thousand dollars, their combined income would remove both of them... Boo criticizes the Bush's welfare reform to eliminate poverty by marriage and sees it as inadequate solution giving supported reasons. Some critics argue that success in the workforce may make women more independent and therefore more selective about the men they will consider marrying. In addition, more time at work means less time to pursue relationships, especially for single mothers whose time is already stretched thin (Stewart, 2004).. The important fact to note is that poverty is a complex problem which is difficult to solve in one day. Bear in mind the facts mentioned by Katherine Boo it is possible to say that if this problem of poverty can be solved by successful marriage, our society would not have poor creatures looking for better days. Race, gender, familial status, age, and place of residence are some but not all of the characteristics that enhance the risk of living in poverty. Boo gives a vivid examples contrasting with those "rosy dreams" proposed by Bush's administration. She describes that Kim's annual income was: "five thousand dollars, but, except for ten months when she and her husband first separated, she had not received welfare. The child support was supposed to have covered us, but when it stopped coming I couldn't afford a lawyer" (Boo, 2003). The marriage cure is nothing more than survival of time affected the mind of many single women. "Marriage promotion programs, therefore, must be viewed in the context of battered women's lives and how poverty and children affect their decision-making. Most moms I know will do anything for their children and this often includes putting up with years of violence and abuse. When you tell a woman who is desperately trying to keep a roof over her head, put food on

Visiting Pattaya, Thailand †Sin city!

Visiting Pattaya, Thailand – Sin city! Pattaya – Sin city! Sawasdee (Hello in Thai)! Known for its go-go and beer bars, Pattaya is coastal resort on the coasts of the Gulf of Thailand. It is around 150 km away from Bangkok. Sex tourism is the main attraction here; however this resort city is also visited by local families and travelers from all over the world. The vast range of hotels and guest houses here make it a popular weekend retreat that offers a wide range of things to do and a myriad of multi cuisine eating options. It is mainly populated by a vibrant fusion of various cultures from all over the world. The family-friendly Jomtien Beachnearby is recommended if the visually raunchy feel of Pattaya does not appeal you. Best Season to visit Pattaya November to April are the most favorable months to visit Pattaya. You may look at the cool season between December and March when the humidity is low, the skies are clear and the rain is minimal. Highlights (Things to Do in Pattaya) Experience the spectacular transvestite cabaret show at the Tiffany’s Show. Be enthralled by the structure at The Sanctuary of Truth, made entirely of teak wood and one that is a testimonial to Thai workmanship. Haggle at the Pattaya Floating Market, an extensive market place functioning entirely on boats and floating structures. Go around the world in around two hours at the Mini Siam where you have replicas of nearly hundred world famous structures on display here. Defy your perception at the Ripley’s Believe It or Not, with over 300 exhibits. Get dunked in water at the world’s largest water fight, during the Songkran or the Thai New Year. Ride an elephant at the Elephant Village, experience how they are tamed and see demonstrations of training techniques. Walk down any of the various Street Markets and experience a mix of cultures, cuisine and artifacts being sold there. Be one among the fishes and sea life at the Underwater World, one of the largest aquariums in Asia. Get hugged by a Bengal Tiger at the Pattaya Tiger Zoo. Take a stroll at the Nong Nooch Tropical Garden, walk across different landscapes based on different civilizations. Pray at the Viharnra Sien, a beautiful three story Chinese temple. Get picked up at Walking Street, probably one of the most (in) famous street in Pattaya, known for the Go Go Bars, discos and Cabaret shows that line the street. Hotspots of Pattaya You can check out these places if you are looking at the top Pattaya Tourism places to visit. Na Kluea Sanctuary of Truth – This structure has been made totally with teak wood. Even metal nails have not been used to hold it together. With a spiritual view of the ocean, the Sanctuary of Truth is considered to be an unrealistic setting: it seems like a fusion of art, religion and culture. It has four dedicated sections with carvings from the Thai, Chinese, Indian and Khmer origins. Sattahip Anek Kusala Sala (Viharn Sien) – Though the official name is Anek Kuson Sala, it is also known known as Vihara Sien because of the Chinese saints housed here. This grand three-storied temple is a place of worship, as well as a museum. It contains over 300 remarkable pieces of Chinese artefact, made of bronze and brass. Buddhist deities can also be found here. This temple was built as a friendship and bonding venture. Hat Ko Lan – This is a small island around 7km off the coast of Pattaya. Weekends attract the crowds and all five beaches are jam packed. Khao Phra Tamnak – The best way to find this place would be to look for a giant golden seated Buddha on top of a forested hill. This statue has been here since the time Pattaya used to be a small fishing village. Tiffanys Cabaret Show – The only transvestite cabaret show in this part of the world, Tiffany’s show is arguably one of the most recommended tourist destinations here. The show has been going on for over 28 years and has been one of the front runners to contribute the most in the growth of Pattaya as a tourist destination. Elephant Village – This is a non-profit organization taking care of former working elephants. It is around 7km away from Pattaya. Here you can see training techniques, elephant shows and also go on elephant treks. Underwater World – Walk through the clear glass tunnels running across the walkthrough aquarium to be mesmerized by the vibrant aquatic life around you. Pattaya Floating Market – Seen both as an attraction and a place for shopping, the floating market is a culmination of traditions and culture from all corners of Thailand. Traditional Thai food is offered by most merchants here when you visit their shops. Mimosa Pattaya – It is a new upcoming attraction and shopping area near Pattaya. The place provides a good and beautiful location for relaxation and is also a favorite haunt for photography. You will also find massage centers and cafes around here. Pattaya Park – A well-known tourist attraction known for its panoramic view which also offers activities to jump off the view point. Million-Year Stone Park and Crocodile Farm – One of the largest farms housing crocodiles and rare animals like albinos, it is all set among a beautifully landscaped flower and rock garden. You also get to come close and play with the animals here. Khao Chi Chan – It is a sculpture erected in the honor of his Majesty King Bhumibol during the 50th anniversary of his ruling. The sitting figure called Pang Man Wichai is over 100 meters high. Shopping in Pattaya A favorite pastime among tourists and locals alike, it is easy to go to Pattaya without any luggage, but impossible to leave without extra baggage. You have numerous shopping malls along the beach road and you can get anything under the sun here, from handicrafts and souvenirs, to counterfeit goods and cheap ‘made in china’ clothes. You can buy literally anything here with some cash and credit cards and at considerably cheaper rates than your home country. Few of the top areas to shop in Pattaya are: The Avenue – Known for the best life style and sportswear stores, it also has an 8 screen multiplex and numerous restaurants and eateries. Royal Garden Plaza – You cannot miss this building because of the red airplane sticking out of the building. It is known for its chain stores eateries and the Ripley’s Believe It or Not! Museum. Walking Street – with only pedestrian access, this street sells antiques, souvenirs and jewelry. The main attractions here in terms of shopping are the custom tailor shops which would make clothes are cheap rates. Pattaya Floating Market – This is the place to visit for items that are culturally and traditionally from all corners of Thailand. Buy the local produce or savor the local delicacies at the local merchants, Street Shopping – It is here that you will get tacky good and beach wear all across Pattaya. You would also get a wide array of goods which could traverse the likes of surf shorts, fake football shirts, flick-knives, bikinis, Buddha statues, ethnic crafts, hardcore porn DVDs, rude T-shirts, and even stun guns and Samurai swords. How to reach Pattaya Land – Bus – You have bus service running between Bangkok and Pattaya all day at regular intervals. Train – One train travels daily between Bangkok and Pattaya. Car Pattaya is just about 150 km from Bangkok and transit time would not exceed two hours. You can rent cars after reaching SuvarnabhumiAirport in Bangkok and head to Pattaya by road. Air – U-Tapao-Rayong-Pattaya International Airport – You have good connectivity with major cities in Asia and other parts of the world. You can take mini buses or airport shuttle taxis from the airport to the main city. Alternatively you can also transit through Suvarnabhumi Airport or the Don Muang Airport, in Bangkok and travel by road to Pattaya. How to get around in Pattaya Songthaew – These are the main public mode of transport here. Blue in color and basically pickup trucks converted to buses. They are also called Bhat Buses. Cost varies from 5 to 10 Baht depending on your travel time and destination. Beach Bus – The Beach Bus basically runs a circular route across the Pattaya coastline. The ticket costs around 30 baht. Motosai (Motorcycle Taxi) – One of the fastest ways to get around the city is on two wheelers. You can hail them at any of the Motosai Stands scattered around the city or even flag one down that is passing by. Potentially cheaper than Songthaew, however not safe as the drivers are pretty reckless. Taxi – Even though metered taxis are a common sight around Pattaya, none of them want to go as per the meter. Most of them are from Bangkok who come to drop travelers off to Pattaya and stay back to get a good fare. They are a lot more expensive than Songthaews. Rentals – You can rent four wheelers and two wheelers all across the city and you also have some of the popular rentals around the world serving here. However be aware of the traffic here as they can get very erratic and confusing. Top Areas in Pattaya Central Pattaya – You will find the highest concentration of hotels here. Accommodation is cheap and all places you would like to visit are a stone’s throw from here. But the place can feel congested and claustrophobic for many. Jomtien Beach – Located around 3kms south of Pattaya, this is one of the cleanest beaches in this region. It is a 6km long beach which has the Beach Road running along the shore. Families prefer this location in Pattaya as it is a bit sobered down when compared to Pattaya Beach. Most of the mid-range accommodation can be found here. Pattaya Beach – It is a crescent shaped beach, roughly 4km long and has the Beach Road running along with it. Most of the higher end accommodation options can be found around here. Phra Tamnak Hill It is a small hill between South Pattaya and Jomtien Beach which provides a spectacular panoramic view of the crescent shaped bay. You can find plenty of mid-range accommodation here. South Pattaya – You will find a lot of cheap accommodation options here. It lies on the way to Jomtien Beach from Pattaya. Naklua Beach – If you are looking a clean secluded beach with luxurious accommodation, this is the place to head to. You have a lot of 3, 4 and 5 star hotels around here. Koh Larn – It is a 4km long island off the coast of Pattaya. It is around 8km away from the mainland and it takes about 40 minutes to reach there. Accommodation around here is cheap. Khaup Kun (Thank you in Thai)!!

Breaking of Taboo Essay -- Literacy Analysis

The Breaking of Taboo Adrienne Rich was a very critically acclaimed and widely read poet of her era. Ms. Rich was a rebellious pioneer in expressing her viewpoint through her poetry in what was considered highly taboo topics of her time, such as, politics, lesbianism, and feminism. Adrienne Rich was born on May 16, 1929 in Baltimore, Maryland .Her father was renowned pathologist at John Hopkins University, Dr. Arnold Rich, and her mother Helen Elizabeth Rich, was a concert pianist and composer. Adrienne began writing at a very early age, with the encouragement of her father. As a child she grew up reading works from her fathers extensive library from Tennyson, Keats, Arnold. Blake. Rossetti. Swinburne, Carlyle, and Patter (Booth). Adrienne attended college at A. B. Radcliffe College, and graduated in 1951. In her final year at Radcliffe, her collection, A Change of World, was selected by, W. H. Auden for the Yale Series of Younger Poets award. In 1953 Adrienne married Alfred Conrad, an economics professor at Harvard, whom she had meet while she was an undergraduate student at Harvard. During their marriage they had three children, David, Paul, and Jacob. In the mid- 60’s Adrienne became very involved in Vietnam anti war protests, feminist, and civil right issues. As time went on Alfred thought she was losing her mind because of the obsession and devotion she had to these causes. This created quite a bit of tension in their marriage. In 1970 she separated from Alfred, which lead to his suicide a few months later. Rich’s early works were very traditional and structured. Her style mirrored the poets who she read extensively as a child. As Rich progressed in her writings, her styled changed drastically. Rich took on a dialogue... ... J. Mays. The Norton Introduction to Literature. 10th. New York: W.W. Norton, 2010. 876. Print. Brown, Maressa. "6 Powerful Adrienne Rich Quotes Every Woman Should Read." The Stir, 12 Mar. 2012. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. Meredith, May. "Adrienne Rich: 1929-2012 / Feminist poet turned personal into political." San Francisco Chronicle (10/1/2007 to present) 29 Mar. 2012: A1. Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 22 Apr. 2012. Rich, Adrienne, comp. Twenty-One Love Poems. 2nd. Emeryville, Ca.: Effie's Press, 1977. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. Rich, Adrienne. Collected Early Poems 1950-1970. 1st. New York: W.W. Norton, 1993. 419. Print. Rich, Adrienne. Dark Fields of the Republic 1991-1995. New York: W.W. Norton, 1995 3. Print. Schuduel, Matt. "Adrienne Rich, feminist poet who wrote of politics and lesbian identity, dies at 82." 28 Mar. 2012, n. p. Web. 15 Apr. 2012. Breaking of Taboo Essay -- Literacy Analysis The Breaking of Taboo Adrienne Rich was a very critically acclaimed and widely read poet of her era. Ms. Rich was a rebellious pioneer in expressing her viewpoint through her poetry in what was considered highly taboo topics of her time, such as, politics, lesbianism, and feminism. Adrienne Rich was born on May 16, 1929 in Baltimore, Maryland .Her father was renowned pathologist at John Hopkins University, Dr. Arnold Rich, and her mother Helen Elizabeth Rich, was a concert pianist and composer. Adrienne began writing at a very early age, with the encouragement of her father. As a child she grew up reading works from her fathers extensive library from Tennyson, Keats, Arnold. Blake. Rossetti. Swinburne, Carlyle, and Patter (Booth). Adrienne attended college at A. B. Radcliffe College, and graduated in 1951. In her final year at Radcliffe, her collection, A Change of World, was selected by, W. H. Auden for the Yale Series of Younger Poets award. In 1953 Adrienne married Alfred Conrad, an economics professor at Harvard, whom she had meet while she was an undergraduate student at Harvard. During their marriage they had three children, David, Paul, and Jacob. In the mid- 60’s Adrienne became very involved in Vietnam anti war protests, feminist, and civil right issues. As time went on Alfred thought she was losing her mind because of the obsession and devotion she had to these causes. This created quite a bit of tension in their marriage. In 1970 she separated from Alfred, which lead to his suicide a few months later. Rich’s early works were very traditional and structured. Her style mirrored the poets who she read extensively as a child. As Rich progressed in her writings, her styled changed drastically. Rich took on a dialogue... ... J. Mays. The Norton Introduction to Literature. 10th. New York: W.W. Norton, 2010. 876. Print. Brown, Maressa. "6 Powerful Adrienne Rich Quotes Every Woman Should Read." The Stir, 12 Mar. 2012. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. Meredith, May. "Adrienne Rich: 1929-2012 / Feminist poet turned personal into political." San Francisco Chronicle (10/1/2007 to present) 29 Mar. 2012: A1. Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 22 Apr. 2012. Rich, Adrienne, comp. Twenty-One Love Poems. 2nd. Emeryville, Ca.: Effie's Press, 1977. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. Rich, Adrienne. Collected Early Poems 1950-1970. 1st. New York: W.W. Norton, 1993. 419. Print. Rich, Adrienne. Dark Fields of the Republic 1991-1995. New York: W.W. Norton, 1995 3. Print. Schuduel, Matt. "Adrienne Rich, feminist poet who wrote of politics and lesbian identity, dies at 82." 28 Mar. 2012, n. p. Web. 15 Apr. 2012.